Mind the Compliance Gap: How Insights from International Human Rights Mechanisms Can Help to Implement the Convention on Biological Diversity

Abstract Humanity is at a crossroads in addressing biodiversity loss. Several assessments have reported on the weak compliance with Aichi Biodiversity Targets by parties to Convention Biological Diversity (CBD). To address this lack of compliance, challenges implementing and enforcing CBD obligations must be understood. Key implementation are identified through content analysis policy documents, multi-stakeholder interviews, participant observation recent Conference Parties. Building analysis, article explores extent which review mechanisms international human rights law, their various strategies for eliciting can help improve mechanisms. The findings reveal insights that draw from law these challenges, such as facilitating participation civil society organizations provide specific input, engaging independent experts assess implementation. concludes useful improving emerging peer mechanism CBD, important strengthening accountability within post-2020 global framework.